Protocols of root canal irrigation and Disinfection of the endodontic field in Endodontics: The 4th Dimension.

Abstract:
The adequate measures of infection control in the isolated endodontic field, the instrumentation and root canal irrigation procedures are indispensable parts of a successful endodontic treatment outcome. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) remains the gold standard for application as the main irrigant. In the meantime, new scientific data have shown that the interaction of NaOCl with auxiliary root canal irrigants such as EDTA and chlorhexidine results in the formation of toxic volatile compounds and hazardous disinfection by-products. The aim of this presentation is to highlight clinical irrigation protocols of the root canal system. Emphasis will be given on the description of the unknown ‘4th dimension’ of root canal irrigation and its potential drawbacks in clinical, occupational and environmental levels. The indicated procedure for infection control of the isolated endodontic field will also be presented.